Concrete walls, floors, and structures provide natural insulating properties that reduce energy costs. However, damage, wear, and erosion can break these properties down over time. Read on Concrete Repair Charles Town WV to learn more.
Cracks can create uneven surfaces that impede pedestrian and vehicular movement. Surface corrosion can let in insects and moisture. Repairing these issues requires a thorough evaluation, determination of the cause of deterioration, and selecting of appropriate repair methods.
Concrete repair materials are available in various pre-mixed formulas that can be mixed with water and applied quickly to patch holes, resurface old concrete or fill cracks. They are typically packaged in pails or bags and ready to use. When selecting these mixes, inform the supplier of the application and conditions so they can recommend a product that will meet those needs.
Sakrete(r) Sand Mix (BOM #100397) is a flowable, squeegee-grade, polymer-modified sand-cement mixture used for resurfacing or patching interior and exterior concrete substrates up to 2 inches thick. It is an economical, easy-to-use product that meets or exceeds ASTM C387 for normal-weight concrete.
Tenon(r) Partial Depth Concrete Patch is a pre-blended cement and oven-dried sand mix that produces high strength in partial depth applications. It’s ideal for overlays less than 2″ thick, making a bedding mix for flagstone, slate and brick walkways, patching, leveling or resurfacing concrete surfaces, and repairing small cracks in masonry walls.
Akona(r) Instant Concrete Repair is a fast-setting concrete repair compound that sets rock hard in just 90 minutes. It self-bonds to existing concrete surfaces and fills large cracks in a single application. It has a low-slump consistency, is easy to use, and is non-flammable. The product can be applied vertically, horizontally, or overhead and is shrinkage compensating to minimize cracking. It’s available in a 20 lb. pail and in a 50 lb. bag.
Reinforcement materials can be made of either natural or synthetic materials. Natural fibers can be derived from hemp, flax, jute, or hessian (sacking fabric). The most common synthetic materials are glass, carbon, and aramid fibers. Using these materials has many advantages over traditional petroleum-derived materials, as they require far less energy to produce and don’t release volatile compounds into the atmosphere when burned.
Reinforcing steel is a metal that helps concrete withstand tension forces, which can crack it. It can be either plain or deformed to help the concrete adhere to it. The concrete must also be free of mud, oil, and ice since these elements can decrease the strength of the bond. Steel can also be corroded by exposure to oxygen, which can cause pitting and spalling in the concrete.
The global market for reinforcement materials is divided by material type, end-user, and region. It is primarily used in construction, aerospace & defense, transportation, and wind energy industries. The major players in the global market are BASF SE, Bast Fibers LLC, Binani Industries, DuPont, Hyosung Corporation, NFC FIBERS GMBH, Owens Corning, and Teijin Limited. The global glass fiber reinforced composites market is expected to be the biggest segment, owing to its superior properties such as weight reduction and durability. The global aramid fiber reinforced composites market is also growing at a rapid pace, thanks to its low weight and high strength.
Concrete bonding agents are water emulsions of various organic materials that are used to increase the adhesion between an existing surface and new concrete. These products can be applied on the concrete surface before patching with cement slurry or mortar grout. There are three major types of concrete bonding agents: epoxy, acrylic latex, and polyvinyl acetate.
The most important step when applying concrete bonding agents is to prepare the existing surface. This includes removing any oil, grease, dirt, efflorescence, or other debris from the surface of the concrete slab. Then, the surface must be roughed adequately to promote proper adhesion between the concrete and bonding agent. Finally, the surface must be clean and dry before applying any bonding agent.
In addition to improving adhesion at the critical substrate/repair mortar interface, bonding agents also reduce permeability and enhance tensile strength and flexibility. A bonding agent can be sprayed, brushed, or rolled onto the surface of the existing concrete. Some products require dilution in water, while others can be used directly from the container.
Some popular concrete bonding agents include Cretelox, Duraguard 100, and Level Top Primer. All of these products are VOC compliant and meet or exceed EPA, South Coast AQMD, and Maricopa County requirements.
Epoxy injections can be used to bond a wide variety of cracks in concrete elements. This method is particularly useful for structural crack repair if the cause of the cracking can be determined and remedied. It is a fairly expensive repair method, but the results can be very satisfactory.
The cracks to be repaired must first be cleaned thoroughly. If the cracking was caused by a sudden external force, such as an earthquake or vehicle impact, a core sample should be taken for examination by petrographic and chemical testing. The width of the cracks must also be established.
Surface ports are installed on the face of the concrete element to be repaired. These are short, rigid plastic tubes with a flat base that allow epoxy to be injected without drilling through the concrete element. The injection port bases are bonded to the surface of the concrete using an epoxy paste called Sealboss 4500 crack-sealer.
Injection of the epoxy must be done correctly. Start with the lowest injection port and inject until epoxy begins to ooze out of the port above it. Then plug that port off and move to the next clean injection port. The process is complete when all of the injection ports have refused epoxy.
If the epoxy appears to be leaking from a port or the surface of the concrete, remove it as soon as possible with a chisel or scraper. It is best to wait a few minutes for the polyurethane to cure before continuing.
Hydraulic cement is a fast-setting mortar that sets by chemical hydration. It can be used to seal leaks and plug cracks, both above and below the waterline. It’s commonly referred to as waterproof cement, fast-setting cement, or leak-stop cement, and it works well in areas where there is constant water exposure, such as concrete walls, basements, fountains, and ponds.
This type of cement comes in a powder form and is mixed with water to create a paste that can be spread or sprayed on surfaces. The chemicals in the cement react with water to form a strong, durable material. It also has premium properties, including rust proofing and corrosion resistance, and can be set underwater as well as in temperatures below freezing.
First, the area to be repaired must be cleaned thoroughly to use hydraulic cement. It must be free from oil, dirt, and other contaminants that can prevent the cement from bonding to the surface. The area must then be saturated with water for 24 hours before applying the hydraulic cement mix. The optimum mix ratio is 3:1 by volume. Excessive mixing can lead to bleeding and segregation.
Before applying the hydraulic cement, dampen the cracked surface. This will make it easier to smooth the cement and help it adhere. Next, the surface should be primed with a concrete primer to ensure a good base for the repair. The primer can be purchased at most home improvement stores and is available in a variety of finishes.
Repairing concrete structures is an important activity that extends their service life. However, satisfactory repairs require an appropriate choice of repair materials, as well as proper construction methods. The performance of the repair material depends primarily on its mechanical properties, especially high early mechanical strength and good bonding with the substrate. In addition, the material should be easy to handle and have low shrinkage. Cement-based repair materials are commonly used due to their good compatibility and economy. They usually include Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, and magnesium phosphate cement. Blending materials, such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume, are often added for better performance.
These concrete repair materials are ideal for patching and leveling concrete surfaces, repairing small cracks and joints, and filling cores in masonry block or brick. They are designed to produce a dense, uniform repair with excellent adhesion and durability. They are available in several different sizes and formulations to accommodate various project specifications.
This concrete repair material is a rapid-setting, highly durable mixture of aggregates and Portland cement. It sets in 15 minutes and gains its structural strength within 1 hour. It also has low shrinkage and is chloride-ion resistant. It can be applied over new or old concrete, including steel-reinforced and precast concrete structures. It is available in 20 lb. pails and 50 lb. bags. This high-strength, high-density concrete repair mix can be placed in full-depth repairs and partial-depth overlays on concrete pavements, bridge decks, industrial floors and paving.